Third Positionists in between Federal and Unitary State Structures; A Constitutional Study Comparing Pakistan and Iran regarding Governance and Decentralization
Keywords:
Paul Collier, Keen-Collier Approach, Tight Federalism, Devolution Plan, Republic of South Azerbaijan, Islamic Revolutionary Guards CorpAbstract
As Third Positionists believe that every ethnic community should be satisfied with having desired socio-political and economic rights within the territory where they stay in any state, this study comparatively analyzes Pakistan and Iran where many ethnically diverse segments frequently claim different kinds of constitutional or political accommodations within the existing state structures. As Pakistan is a federal state while Iran is a unitary state, this study inspects how both countries are dealing with ethnically diverse segments regarding ensuring multiculturalism and cosmopolitanism in a way that each community could be satisfied with the governance and decentralization exhibited by the central/federal governments. As the debates between federalism and unitarism have become part of social sciences academia around the globe, it has also been discussed in Pakistan and Iran which system is better for governance with a decentralized mechanism in ethnically diverse societies. For this purpose, the study also looks at ethnonational movements in both countries within the context of existing constitutional provisions and presents recommendations in the last as a primary source.
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